IRONSMITHINTEL
CRITICALCVSS9.3
|
Actively Exploited
|CISA KEV|CVE-2025-22224|Auth: none — unauthenticated|Reboot: required|Manual only

VMware ESXi and Workstation TOCTOU Race Condition Vulnerability

VMware ESXi and Workstation contain a time-of-check time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition vulnerability that leads to an out-of-bounds write. Successful exploitation enables an attacker with local administrative privileges on a virtual machine to execute code as the virtual machine's VMX process running on the host.

Published Mar 4, 2025 · Updated May 16, 2026
Why patchRisk explained in plain English
Worst-case scenarioIf unpatched

A local attacker, without authentication, can achieve full data confidentiality loss, arbitrary modification of data, complete denial of service or system unavailability. Federal agencies are required to remediate by 2025-03-25 under CISA BOD 22-01.

How the attack worksNo clicks needed

This is a Software Vulnerability (CWE-367) (CWE-367) vulnerability in VMware ESXi and Workstation. VMware ESXi, and Workstation contain a TOCTOU (Time-of-Check Time-of-Use) vulnerability that leads to an out-of-bounds write. A malicious actor with local administrative privileges on a virtual machine may exploit this issue to execute code as the virtual machine's VMX process running on the host. Exploitation requires local access, low attack complexity, no authentication required, and no user interaction required.

Am I affected?Quick check

Probably yes if any of these apply:

Virtualisation Administrators
Infrastructure Team
IT Security
Running esxi: 7.0, 8.0; cloud foundation: -; telco cloud infrastructure: 2.2, 2.5, 2.7, 3.0; telco cloud platform: 2.0, 2.5, 2.7, 3.0, 4.0, 4.0.1, 5.0; workstation: 17.0 ≤ v < 17.6.3
Real-world incidentsWhat we've seen

CISA added this CVE to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-03-04 based on evidence of active exploitation in the wild. Federal agencies required to remediate by 2025-03-25.

How to patch

Manual remediation steps

Apply the Vendor Patch

This vulnerability is in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog — apply the vendor's security update as soon as possible.

CISA required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

References

    1
    Vendor advisory: https://support.broadcom.com/web/ecx/support-content-notification/-/external/content/SecurityAdvisories/0/25390
    1
    NVD entry: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22224
    1
    CISA KEV: https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-22224
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